The Red Badge of Courage is a war novel by American author Stephen Crane.

Taking place during the American Civil War, the story is about a young private of the Union Army, Henry Fleming, who flees from the field of battle.

Overcome with shame, he longs for a wound, a "red badge of courage," to counteract his cowardice.

When his regiment once again faces the enemy, Henry acts as standard-bearer, who carries a flag.

Although Crane was born after the war, and had not at the time experienced battle first-hand, the novel is known for its distinctive style, which includes realistic battle sequences as well as the repeated use of color imagery, and ironic tone.

Separating itself from a traditional war narrative, Crane's story reflects the inner experience of its protagonist (a soldier fleeing from combat) rather than the external world around him.