Sa'adyah Gaon

Sa’adyah Gaon was anoutstanding tenth-century Jewish thinker—a prominent rabbi, philosopher, andexegete.

He was a pioneer in the fields in which he toiled, and was aninspiration and basis for later Jewish writing in all these areas.

The lastmajor English-language study of his work was published in 1921, long beforeGenizah research changed the understanding of the time in which he lived. Robert Brody’s masterly work, covering Sa’adyah’s biography and his main areasof creativity in an accessible way, is therefore a much-needed reassessment ofan outstanding figure. The opening chapter,on the geonic period that formed the background to Sa’adyah’s life (a period onwhich there are few works in English), is followed by an overview that bringsout the revolutionary aspects of his work and the characteristic features ofhis writings.

Subsequent chapters consider his philosophical works; his Biblecommentaries; his pioneering linguistic work; his poetry; his halakhic activity(including an examination of his use of the Palestinian Talmud compared to thatof the Babylonian Talmud); and his activity as a polemicist, notably againstthe Karaites.

An Epilogue sums up his importance in medieval Jewish culture. Particularly valuable features of the book are thecopious quotations from Sa’adyah’s works, which facilitate familiarity with hisstyle as well as his ideas; the clarity in presenting complex and difficultconcepts; the constant assessment of his relationship to his predecessors inhis various fields of study and his own unique contributions to each field; andthe contextualization of his contribution within the political, cultural, andreligious climate of his times so that both revolutionary and conservativeelements in his thought can be identified and evaluated.