Success stories in combating corruption: lessons for policy makers: 6

Corruption appears to be a"e;normal phenomenon in the world today judging from its perceived extent among the 176 countries included in Transparency International's Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) in 2016.

However, some countries have succeeded in spite of their circumstances to minimise corruption.

New Zealand, Singapore and Hong Kong SAR are three of the least corrupt countries in the Asia Pacific region.

Botswana is the least corrupt country in Africa and Rwanda has also made improvements in curbing corruption in spite of its legacy of genocide and weak governance.

The purpose of this ebook is twofold: first, to explain why these five countries have succeeded in curbing corruption in spite of their difficult circumstances; and second, to identify relevant lessons for policy makers to adopt in those countries which suffer from widespread corruption.

The authors of the five country studies were requested to provide a brief literature review of corruption research in each country and an analysis of whether the country's policy context promotes or hinders the implementation of the anti corruption laws before explaining the country's success in combating corruption and identifying the lessons for policy makers in other countries.