Search Results - Books - Past Month
Order within 4hrs 8mins for Next Day Delivery
View Basket
Sign Out
Early Years View All
BrowseEarly YearsPrimarySecondaryFurther EducationAcademicVLeBooks
Top Categories
Popular TitlesBook BundlesComing SoonNew & NoteworthyAccelerated ReaderTikTok Made Me Read It
Non-Fiction Books
Biography & MemoirsHistoryMusicSportWildlifeView More...
Publisher
Crown HouseDorling Kindersley (DK)GMC DistributionMacmillanWileyView More...
Fiction Books
Animal storiesClassic crimeEnviroment storiesFantasyGraphic NovelsView More...
Author
David AlmondKwame AlexanderMalorie BlackmanSarah CrossanWilliam ShakespeareView More...
Children's Books
Bedtime StoriesBig BooksBoard BooksPicture BooksSoft Toys & GamesView More...
eBooks
AcademicCollectionsNew eBooksPrimary Box SetsPromotionsSecondary Box sets
Popular Topics
Black Lives, Black HistoryDiversity MattersFantastic FemalesLGBTQ+Mental Health AwarenessLooking After Our Planet
Not To Be Missed
Book ReviewsBlogEnglish MasteryOfficial Book AwardsSchool Book AwardsYoto Carnegies
Other
DictionariesDVD’sExam BoardsScotland ResourcesSENDTimeline of Events
Nursery Essentials
100 Essential Picture BooksFairytales & FablesNursery Rhymes & SongsSound BooksStory Board BooksTouch and Feel
Topics
Animal StoriesDinosaursFestivals & CelebrationsFunny StoriesPeople Who Help UsView More...
First Learning
ABC and First WordsColoursNumbers & CountingRhyming & WordplaySeasons & TimeView More...
Conversation Starters
Black Lives, Black HistoryBooks to Inspire ReadingDiversity MattersLooking after our PlanetRefugees & ImmigrationStarting School
Favourite Characters
BlueyElmerPaddingtonPeppa PigThe GruffaloView More...
Personal Development
All Kinds of FamiliesCelebrating GrandparentsFantastic FemalesFirst ExperiencesMental HealthPositively Me!
Favourite Series
Baby Touch & FeelCampbell Busy BooksFirst Questions & AnswersLadybird First Favourite TalesThat's Not My…View More...
Classroom Essentials
Big BooksNumiconPie Corbett CollectionsReading SchemesTeacher Resources/CPDToys and Games
Authors/Illustrators
Dapo AdeolaJoseph CoelhoJulia DonaldsonTom FletcherSue HendraView More...
Browns Recommends
Book BundlesCarnegie Medal for IllustrationGreat Books to Read AloudNew & NoteworthyOfficial Book AwardsTimeline of Events
Reading and Phonics
Accelerated ReaderAR Kids Reading Report '23AR: Newly QuizzedBook BandsPie Corbett CollectionsReading Schemes
Topics
Fiction by Genre – KS1Fiction by Genre – KS2Topic Collections - Early YearsTopic Collections - KS1Topic Collections - KS2
Reading Support
Dual & Foreign LanguageHow to Write a StoryPicture Books for KS1Picture Books for KS2Reluctant & Dyslexic ReadersWordless Picture Books
Conversation Starters
Black Lives, Black HistoryDiversity MattersFantastic FemalesFestivals & CelebrationsLooking After Our PlanetRefugees & Immigration
Reading for Pleasure
Fantastic FactsFavourite Classroom ReadsFilm & TV AdaptationsGraphic NovelsNarrative Non-FictionRead Around the World
Personal Development
Bullying AwarenessInspirational LivesMental HealthPeople Who Help UsRead for Empathy 2024Starting Secondary School
Library Collections
100 Best Fiction for Y1-Y6100 Best Non-Fiction for Y1-Y6Favourite Authors, A-ZSeries: Early Readers & KS1Series: Lower KS2Shakespeare
Classroom Essentials
11+ ExamsDictionariesNumiconScotland ResourcesTeacher Resources/CPDWales Resources
Browns Bestsellers
Bestselling New FictionBestselling New Non-FictionBook BundlesEssential PoetryFavourite AudiobooksTop 50 Graphic Novels
Browns Recommends
2023 Award WinnersChildren's Laureate 2022-2024New and NoteworthyOfficial Book AwardsSchool Book AwardsTimeline of Events
Reading for Pleasure
Favourite Authors A-ZGraphic Novels & MangaNarrative Non-FictionRead Around the WorldTikTok Made Me Read ItTV and Film Adaptations
GCSE by Exam Board
AQAEdexcelIGCSEOCRWJEC / EduqasView More...
Fiction by Genre
HistoricalHumourRomanceShort StoriesThrillersView More...
Key Debates & Topics
Black Lives, Black HistoryConflicts & TerrorismDiversity MattersMaking Sense of Our WorldOur Planet in DangerRefugees & Immigration
Non-Fiction by Subject
BiographiesGeographyHistoryHobbiesSportView More...
Personal Development
Bullying AwarenessCareersFantastic FemalesManaging Exam StressMental HealthRead for Empathy 2024
Reading Support
Accelerated ReaderDual & Foreign LanguageGraded Readers (CEFR)English MasteryReluctant & Dyslexic ReadersShakespeare
Classroom Essentials
DictionariesNorthern Ireland (CCEA)Scotland ResourcesTeacher Resources/CPDWales Resources
Browns Bestsellers
Audio BooksBestselling New FictionBestselling New Non-FictionEssential PoetryTop 30 Graphic Novels - KS3Top 30 Graphic Novels - KS4
Browns Recommends
2023 Award WinnersAR Kids Reading Report '23Book BundlesNew and NoteworthyOfficial Book AwardsTimeline of Events
Reading for Pleasure
Feel Good FictionFilm and TV AdaptationsGraphic Novels & MangaMyths RetoldTikTok Made Me Read ItView More...
A-Level by Exam Board
AQAEdexcelIALOCRWJEC / EduqasView More...
Fiction by Genre
CrimeFantasyHistoricalRomantic FictionSci-FiView More...
A-Level: Wider Reading
ArtEconomicsMusicPhilosophyShakespeareView More...
Non-Fiction by Subject
BiographiesNarrative Non-FictionPopular ScienceStudent CookbooksTrue CrimeUK Politics
Student Essentials
CareersManaging Exam StressMoney MattersReady for Uni - Reading ListsStudy SkillsView More...
Key Debates & Topics
Black Lives, Black HistoryDiversity MattersFantastic FemalesMental HealthOur Planet in DangerRefugees & Immigration
Classroom Essentials
Graded Readers (CEFR)Northern Ireland (CCEA)Scotland ResourcesT LevelsTeacher Resources/CPDWales Resources
Browns Bestsellers
Best New BiographiesBestselling New FictionBestselling New Non-FictionEssential PoetryNow StreamingQuick Reads
Browns Recommends
2023 Award WinnersAcademic NewsletterDVD CollectionsNew and NoteworthyOfficial Book AwardsTimeline of Events
Reading for Pleasure
Books by Authors of ColourGraphic NovelsLGBTQ+ Fiction Now StreamingTikTok Made Me Read It View more...
Education Studies
Early Childhood StudiesEarly Years TeachingEducation StudiesPrimary TeachingSecondary TeachingSEN Teaching
Student Essentials
Academic Writing & Research Careers Cooking on a BudgetMental HealthMoney Matters View More...
Health and Medicine
Biomedical ScienceDentistryMedicineMidwiferyNursing (Adult)View More...
Key Debates & Topics
AIConflicts Equality, Inclusion, Diversity Human Migration Net Zero Politics
Law and Politics
Criminal Law European Law Family Law International Relations Law of Tort View More...
Arts and Humanities
Art & Design Drama English Language English Literature Film Studies View More...
Sciences/Engineering
BiologyChemistryEngineeringGeographyPhysicsView More...
Business
Accounting Economics Entrepreneurship ManagementMarketing View More...
Browns Recommends
2023 Award WinnersAcademic NewsletterBestselling eBooksNew and NoteworthyOfficial Book AwardsTimeline of Events
About VLeBooks
Register for VLeBooksApplication FormRequest Inspection CopiesLeave FeedbackFAQsTerms and Conditions
Further Education
Foreign Language titlesGraphic Novels & MangaLGBTQ+Mental HealthNew FictionView More...
Teacher Hub
CPDEarly Years TeachingPrimary TeachingSecondary TeachingSEN / SENDWellbeing for Teachers
FE Curriculum
A Level by SubjectCambridge A-LevelIB DiplomaNorthern Ireland (CCEA)Scotland: Highers/Adv HighersVocational Training
Primary
Favourite Authors A-ZKS1 FictionKS2 FictionMental HealthPrimary Topics View More...
Academic
BiographiesCrime FictionMyths RetoldNew FictionRomance FictionWordsworth Classics
Secondary
Favourite SeriesFiction by GenreKS3 FictionKS4 FictionReluctant & Dyslexic ReadersView More...
Academic Subjects
AccountingBritish PoliticsDentistryMarketingPsychologyView More...
Secondary Curriculum
CareersGCSE by SubjectGraded Readers (CEFR)IGCSENorthern Ireland (CCEA)Scotland: National 4/5
Browns Recommends
2023 Award WinnersBestsellersExclusive CollectionsNew eBooksVLeBooks Promotions
Saved Searches
My Saved Searches

Availability

Format

Category

Publication

Price

to
Image for Epsilon Fraternity

Epsilon Fraternity

Paperback / softback 25 Mar 2024
Publisher Afnil
ISBN: 9782959285509
£13.06
RRP £15.36
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for One Petal at a Time

One Petal at a Time

Paperback / softback 5 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9781962374163
£8.79
RRP £10.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for La reattivit? del consumatore nel contesto della pubblicit? comparativa

La reattivit? del consumatore nel contesto della pubblicit? comparativa

Paperback / softback 28 Mar 2024
Publisher Edizioni Sapienza
ISBN: 9786207318308
£50.40
RRP £56.00
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Mr. and Mrs. S?n

Mr. and Mrs. S?n

Paperback / softback 26 Mar 2024
Publisher ALPHA EDITION
ISBN: 9789357955966
£15.68
RRP £19.60
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Дитина і шкільний булінг. Як вихо&#107

Дитина і шкільний булінг. Як вихо&#107

Paperback / softback 9 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798322364375
£10.07
RRP £11.85
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Living Wealthily : A Guide to Prosperity on the Nile

Living Wealthily : A Guide to Prosperity on the Nile

series Self-Help
Paperback / softback 27 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798321082850
£9.55
RRP £11.23
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Diving & Snorkeling Guide to Truk Lagoon and Pohnpei & Kosrae 2024

Diving & Snorkeling Guide to Truk Lagoon and Pohnpei & Kosrae 2024

series Diving & Snorkeling Guides
Paperback / softback 8 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798322274346
£16.83
RRP £19.80
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Low Glycemic Vegetarian Cookbook : 100+ Recipes Vegetarian and Control Blood Sugar Levels, Boost Energy and Improve Heart Healthy

Low Glycemic Vegetarian Cookbook : 100+ Recipes Vegetarian and Control Blood Sugar Levels, Boost Energy and Improve Heart Healthy

Paperback / softback 9 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798322424710
£7.78
RRP £9.15
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for psalms 2000 : 17-24

psalms 2000 : 17-24

Paperback / softback 8 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798322158998
£6.82
RRP £8.02
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for 10 Steps To Starting A Small and Profitable Business : A Journey from Dream to Thriving Reality

10 Steps To Starting A Small and Profitable Business : A Journey from Dream to Thriving Reality

Paperback / softback 30 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798321373675
£10.75
RRP £12.65
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Criminalit? organis?e et trafic de drogue en Espagne

Criminalit? organis?e et trafic de drogue en Espagne

Paperback / softback 31 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9786207251575
£47.70
RRP £53.00
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Leucemia linfatica cronica

Leucemia linfatica cronica

Paperback / softback 12 Apr 2024
Publisher Edizioni Sapienza
ISBN: 9786207378203
£46.80
RRP £52.00
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for An Introduction to Cathodic Protection for Water Resources Projects for Professional Engineers

An Introduction to Cathodic Protection for Water Resources Projects for Professional Engineers

series Water resources engineering
Paperback / softback 13 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798322750505
£27.30
RRP £32.12
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for RabaS'in Yazilari - Makaleler : ???nc? Cilt

RabaS'in Yazilari - Makaleler : ???nc? Cilt

series Rabaş
Paperback / softback 28 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9781772281811
£20.79
RRP £25.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for The Journey from Manuscript to Print : A Guide to Publishing Your Book

The Journey from Manuscript to Print : A Guide to Publishing Your Book

Hardback 2 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9781959681205
£18.39
RRP £22.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Worthy of Fate

Worthy of Fate

series Realms in Peril
Paperback / softback 11 Apr 2024
Publisher A.N. Caudle
ISBN: 9798989444519
£14.39
RRP £15.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Shadows Over the White House : A science fiction alliance between the world's leaders, Forged Beyond the Stars.

Shadows Over the White House : A science fiction alliance between the world's leaders, Forged Beyond the Stars.

Paperback / softback 4 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798321865309
£13.67
RRP £16.08
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Coloring Animalia : Kids coloring book

Coloring Animalia : Kids coloring book

Paperback / softback 24 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798320331065
£10.10
RRP £11.88
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for The Rambler's Calendar

The Rambler's Calendar

Hardback 6 Apr 2024
Publisher Outlook Verlag
ISBN: 9783385399617
£33.92
RRP £39.90
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Handel und ADI im Kontext der Regionalisierung : der Fall der EAWU

Handel und ADI im Kontext der Regionalisierung : der Fall der EAWU

Paperback / softback 27 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9786207319350
£30.60
RRP £34.00
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Lances de honor

Lances de honor

Hardback 2 Apr 2024
Publisher Outlook Verlag
ISBN: 9783368041854
£33.92
RRP £39.90
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Magic Bullet Smoothie Recipe Book : 1500 Days Of Quick, Easy & Healthy Smoothies to Lose Weight, Detoxify, Fight Disease, Boost Energy And Live Long

Magic Bullet Smoothie Recipe Book : 1500 Days Of Quick, Easy & Healthy Smoothies to Lose Weight, Detoxify, Fight Disease, Boost Energy And Live Long

Paperback / softback 27 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798321114162
£6.66
RRP £7.83
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for The Multiplying Leader : Why We Fail to Empower the Next Generation of Leaders and What it Will Take for Us to Bridge the Gap

The Multiplying Leader : Why We Fail to Empower the Next Generation of Leaders and What it Will Take for Us to Bridge the Gap

Paperback / softback 28 Mar 2024
Publisher L2l Press
ISBN: 9798990184305
£13.46
RRP £15.84
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for 12 Short Stories Of Wind's Memories

12 Short Stories Of Wind's Memories

Paperback / softback 10 Apr 2024
Publisher Nhan Anh Publisher
ISBN: 9798869312693
£15.30
RRP £18.00
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for The Abundance Journal

The Abundance Journal

Paperback / softback 26 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798989555161
£22.09
RRP £25.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Dachau 1933 - 1945 Teil II : 1938 - 1941

Dachau 1933 - 1945 Teil II : 1938 - 1941

Paperback / softback 15 Apr 2024
Publisher Books on Demand
ISBN: 9783758363382
£20.32
RRP £23.90
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Reading is Fun & Dante and the Bully : Children Book about Bullying/ How to deal with Bullying in schools

Reading is Fun & Dante and the Bully : Children Book about Bullying/ How to deal with Bullying in schools

Paperback / softback 12 Apr 2024
Publisher Axum Creations
ISBN: 9789769686106
£7.19
RRP £8.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Machine Sickness : The Prescient Thriller

Machine Sickness : The Prescient Thriller

Paperback / softback 26 Mar 2024
Publisher Eupocalypse Books
ISBN: 9781962454018
£11.99
RRP £14.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Virozone

Virozone

series Virozone
Hardback 27 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9781923101876
£16.79
RRP £20.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Dieta Banting : Esplora la potenza del Regime Alimentare Banting: Riduzione Carboidrati, Grassi Sani e Proteine Magre per una Perdita di Peso Sostenibile e un'Alimentazione Sana

Dieta Banting : Esplora la potenza del Regime Alimentare Banting: Riduzione Carboidrati, Grassi Sani e Proteine Magre per una Perdita di Peso Sostenibile e un'Alimentazione Sana

Paperback / softback 3 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798321821503
£11.13
RRP £13.09
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Cinque Terre Reisef?hrer 2024 : Entdecken Sie verborgene Reize und unvergessliche Abenteuer mit Expertentipps, Insider-Geheimnissen und anpassbaren Reiserouten, um sicherzustellen, dass Ihre Reise ein

Cinque Terre Reisef?hrer 2024 : Entdecken Sie verborgene Reize und unvergessliche Abenteuer mit Expertentipps, Insider-Geheimnissen und anpassbaren Reiserouten, um sicherzustellen, dass Ihre Reise ein

Paperback / softback 3 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798321849897
£10.19
RRP £11.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for U.S. Error Coin Guide 2024 : How to Identify and Understand Valuable Collections

U.S. Error Coin Guide 2024 : How to Identify and Understand Valuable Collections

Paperback / softback 5 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798321976388
£9.41
RRP £11.07
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Exploring Personal Growth Strategies for Lifelong Learning and Development

Exploring Personal Growth Strategies for Lifelong Learning and Development

series Personal Development and Growth
Paperback / softback 30 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798321372258
£17.85
RRP £21.00
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Chubby Cat Chronicles : A Coloring Book of Feline Fun

Chubby Cat Chronicles : A Coloring Book of Feline Fun

series Harper Mitchell's Uniquely Themed Coloring Books
Paperback / softback 27 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798321113080
£6.83
RRP £8.03
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for A New Greek Delectus, Sentences For Translation From Greek Into English

A New Greek Delectus, Sentences For Translation From Greek Into English

Hardback 3 Apr 2024
Publisher Outlook Verlag
ISBN: 9783385117877
£42.42
RRP £49.90
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for The Cat Coloring Book : 65 Pages of Purrfect Coloring Fun - Feline Fine Art For All Ages

The Cat Coloring Book : 65 Pages of Purrfect Coloring Fun - Feline Fine Art For All Ages

Paperback / softback 11 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798322556008
£7.44
RRP £8.75
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Radiate Positivity : Transforming Your World

Radiate Positivity : Transforming Your World

Paperback / softback 26 Mar 2024
Publisher Marcillinus
ISBN: 9787120019297
£22.39
RRP £27.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for 50 Rhubarb Recipes for Home

50 Rhubarb Recipes for Home

Paperback / softback 10 Apr 2024
Publisher Marick Booster
ISBN: 9798869049353
£19.19
RRP £23.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for What Would Babu Do?

What Would Babu Do?

Paperback / softback 24 Mar 2024
Publisher Xlibris Us
ISBN: 9798369418130
£9.56
RRP £11.95
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Ja Ja : Anyone can Speak

Ja Ja : Anyone can Speak

Hardback 5 Apr 2024
Publisher Blurb
ISBN: 9798881453671
£55.50
RRP £69.38
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Dinosauri da Colorare

Dinosauri da Colorare

Paperback / softback 29 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798321350676
£4.57
RRP £5.38
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for The Science of Centralization in Organizational Structure : A Practical Approach

The Science of Centralization in Organizational Structure : A Practical Approach

Paperback / softback 17 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798323226610
£16.41
RRP £19.30
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Helena's Legacy : Heir to the Bloodlords

Helena's Legacy : Heir to the Bloodlords

Paperback / softback 29 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798891006454
£15.29
RRP £16.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Pantheon of Life

Pantheon of Life

series The Pantheon series
Paperback / softback 27 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9781923101371
£14.39
RRP £17.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Telomeres and Epigenetics : Modifying our genes

Telomeres and Epigenetics : Modifying our genes

Paperback / softback 27 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798321099810
£12.79
RRP £15.05
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Advanced Grant Writing for Female Founders : Seek and secure $100,000 or more in funding

Advanced Grant Writing for Female Founders : Seek and secure $100,000 or more in funding

Paperback / softback 3 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9780645976205
£14.42
RRP £16.97
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Room 112 : Bay Breeze Peaks Series Book 2

Room 112 : Bay Breeze Peaks Series Book 2

series Bay Breeze Peaks
Paperback / softback 26 Mar 2024
ISBN: 9798320930527
£7.39
RRP £8.69
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Histoires ? raconter avec les pr?noms de vos enfants

Histoires ? raconter avec les pr?noms de vos enfants

Paperback / softback 4 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9798321887974
£6.20
RRP £7.29
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Theon. A Tale of the American Civil War

Theon. A Tale of the American Civil War

Hardback 7 Apr 2024
Publisher Outlook Verlag
ISBN: 9783385404892
£42.42
RRP £49.90
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Image for Prem Malang ke Kisse (????? ???? ?? ??????)

Prem Malang ke Kisse (????? ???? ?? ??????)

Paperback / softback 6 Apr 2024
ISBN: 9789353477318
£7.19
RRP £8.99
Special order line: only available to educational & business accounts. Sign In
Add to basket
Prev
1
...
554555556
...
1391
Next
Browns Books Logo Footer +44 (0) 1482 384660

Our Services

Policies

Help & Contact

Browns Books © 2014-2024 All rights reserved [rev: 1.3.52.37]